Strukturen för orange kapsel inkluderar huvudsakligen följande delar:
Epidermal cellskikt: Detta är den yttersta delen av kapseln, som består av tätt arrangerade platta celler och har funktionen att skydda den inre vävnaden från yttre mekanisk skada och mikrobiell invasion .
Parenchyma: This is the main part of the capsule, which is composed of multiple layers of loosely arranged thin-walled cells. These cells are large in size, thin in cell walls, and have obvious vacuoles, which store various nutrients such as sugars, organic acids and vitamins. These substances not only affect the flavor of oranges, but also play an important role in the development of the kapsel .
Vascular system: It runs through the parenchyma and is responsible for material transportation. The vascular bundle includes xylem and phloem. The xylem is responsible for transporting water and inorganic salts absorbed by the roots upward, while the phloem transports organic substances produced by photosynthesis of the leaves downward, providing energy and material basis for the growth and Metabolism av kapseln .
In addition, the orange peel is composed of the exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp, which can also be regarded as a two-layer structure, namely the yellow peel layer and the white peel layer. The "sand" on the peel is actually oil cells, also known as secretory sacs, which accumulate oxygen-containing compounds such as terpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, och fenoler . Tillväxten och utvecklingen av oljeceller är fission-solidifiering . När frukten utvecklas fortsätter oljecellerna att expandera och växa och bildar så småningom en sekretorisk hålighet fylld med citrusolja .}
